Cov kev tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv kev kho cua sov ntawm carburized zog thiab kev ntsuas tiv thaiv
Cov cuab yeej carburized tau siv dav hauv kev siv tshuab. Cov cuab yeej siv cav carburized tau siv nyob rau hauv ntau cov kev siv tshuab xws li kev hloov tsheb, lub tshuab txo qis, thiab sab nraub qaum. Kev siv qhia tau pom tias feem ntau qhov khoob tsis sib haum yog muaj feem xyuam nrog qhov tsis xws ntawm cov carburized iav thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm thaum kho cov cua sov. Cov kev tsis zoo no cuam tshuam loj heev rau lub neej ntawm cov iav thiab txawm tias siv tag nrho cov khoom sib dhos. Yog li ntawd, tham txog kev kho cov cua sov tsis zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej carburized thiab lawv txoj kev tiv thaiv tau muaj cov lus qhia tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov tshuab ua haujlwm.
Cov kev tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv kev kho cua sov ntawm carburized zog
1. Transitional carburizing ntawm cov iav saum npoo
2. Lub nplaim tawv tom qab quenching yog qhov tsawg
3. Lub qhov tawv tsis txaus ntawm lub iav ntxig
4. Lub iav txheej hardened txheej yog ntiav
5. Tsis zoo tshaj qhov tob ntawm carburized txheej
1. Transitional carburizing ntawm cov iav saum npoo
Tom qab lub iav carburized yog kev daws tsis raug thiab kev siv lub cev ntau dhau, txheej txheej saum npoo yuav tshwm sim thiab txhaws carbides. Ib qho me me ntawm cov ntawv carbide tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov hnav tsis kam thiab tiv tauj lub zog qaug zog ntawm lub iav. Yog tias muaj ntau dhau ntawm blocky thiab networked carbides Nws yuav ua rau lub brittleness ntawm cov iav saum npoo txheej, yooj yim kom poob tawm, txo cov yas deformation lub peev xwm ntawm lub iav thaum siv, txo qhov kev cuam tshuam, txo qhov kev cuam tshuam kev sib tsoo kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus hniav. , thiab txhuam hniav lub kaum sab xis yuav ua nkig thiab yooj yim tawg. Tom qab quenching, cov cuab yeej carburized yog nyob rau hauv kev sib tsoo. Thaum nws yooj yim tawg.
Kev Tshawb Xyuas
Thaum lub sijhawm roj carburizing, yog tias muaj peev xwm cov pa roj carbon monoxide hauv cov carburizing rauv taws ua haujlwm siab dhau lawm thiab lub sijhawm infiltration ntev dhau lawm, cov qib ntawm hypereutectoid (pearlite + theem nrab cementite) ntawm txheej txheej yuav ntau dua, thiab ntau dhau ntawm carburization ntawm lub iav nto yuav tshwm sim. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau carburized cov hlau uas muaj muaj zog carbide sib sau ua cov ntsiab lus xws li Mo thiab W, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog qeeb, thiab cov pa saum npoo ntawm cov iav carburized txheej yog qhov siab, ncav carburized txheej ntawm hypereutectoid muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cementite yog precipitated nyob ntawm thaj tsam lis ntawm cov stenite los ua ib qho loj heev thiab muaj cov xaib.
Ceev faj
(1) Thaum roj carburizing, txhawm rau tiv thaiv ntau dhau ntawm carburization ntawm txheej txheej saum npoo, diffusion theem tau npaj rau theem tom qab ntawm qhov muaj zog infiltration, thiab cov txheej txheem tsim nyog ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm lub zog infiltration thiab diffusion theem muaj kev sib raug zoo txhawm rau tswj lub qhov tob ntawm txheej infiltration.
(2) Rau cov iav uas twb tau ua kom dhau kev txhim kho saum npoo carburization, kev kho mob tsis sib xws yuav tsum tau nqa tawm cov pa roj carbon carburizing hluav taws xob qis, lossis carbide spheroidizing annealing kev kho mob (kom tau txais cov qauv granite pearlite thiab npaj cov qauv rau quenching). Ua kev rov ntsiag to.
2. Lub nplaim tawv tom qab quenching yog qhov tsawg
Qhov tsis tshua muaj qhov nyuaj ntawm cov npliag siab carburized yuav ua rau txo kev hnav tsis kam thiab qaug zog tiv thaiv ntawm lub zog, thiab yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev sib txhuam thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm cov hniav.
Kev Tshawb Xyuas
(1) Kev txiav txim siab saum npoo, kev soj ntsuam metallographic tsom pom cov pa roj carbon monoxide qhov tshwm sim, thiab cov mos mos tau pom nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov ntawv xeem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, uas tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua tsis zoo thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm quenching tom qab carburizing diffusion.
(2) Vim tias cov khoom siv tsis ua haujlwm (xws li chuck, qhov cub qhib, thiab txij nkawm, thiab lwm yam), oxidation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv theem siab-kub, thiab cov pa roj carbon saum npoo yog oxidized rau hauv roj thiab hlawv tawm.
(2) Qhov ntsuas cua txias tsawg dhau. Hauv qab lub tshuab tsom, cov qauv qauv saum npoo tsis yog martensite, tab sis sorbite. Hauv kev soj ntsuam nws yog xim hlau, acicular martensite muaj qhov pom tseeb corrosion tsis kam, thaum lub sorbite yuav tsaus dua (yooj yim rau corrode), thiab lub hardness ntawm microhardness tester tsis txawv.
(4) Lub siab carburizing kub thiab quenching kub ntawm cov iav qhov ua rau muaj ntau cov austenitic ntau dhau ntawm qhov chaw tom qab quenching.
(5) Cov iav qhov khoom muaj qhov ua tsis tau zoo thiab tsis muaj peev txheej txias txaus ntawm qhov nruab nrab txias txias.
(6) Lub sijhawm ntsuas qhov kub tsis tuaj yeem siab dhau tom qab quenching, thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub tsev txias tsis tau txais.
Ceev faj
(1) Siv cov pa roj carbon ntau tsim nyog kho rau cov zog uas tau ua rau muaj cov pa roj carbon tsawg tsawg ntawm cov iav iav.
(2) Xaiv cov khoom siv nrog qhov tsim nyog thiab qhov nruab nrab txias nrog lub peev xwm txias uas tsim nyog, thiab tua kom txias thiab txias.
(3) Siv kev ntsuas ua ntej kom txo cov nyiaj uas khaws cia austenite tom qab quenching. Rau cov txheej txheem carburized uas muaj ntau dhau los austenite, ua qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 650 ~ 670 ℃ rau ntau dua 3h los ua kom tau ib qho ntawm cov carbides alloy, yog li txo qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm austenite thaum rov kho dua thiab quenching, thiab txhawb austenite lub cev hloov. kom martensite.
(3) Iav carburization cua txias los yog rov kho dua thiab quenching yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv qhov chaw tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Rau cov iav uas twb tau dhau los ntawm oxidation, nplai oxide yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm (tsis cuam tshuam rau cov thermal tom qab ua haujlwm loj ntawm lub iav), thiab txheej txheej saum npoo yuav tsum carburized ua ntej quenching.
5) Yog tias qhov qes qis ntawm lub iav saum npoo yog los ntawm qhov ntsuas kub tsis dhau, nws yuav tsum rov tso dua thiab qhov ntsuas kub tsawg dua yuav tsum xaiv rau qhov npau taws.
(6) Tus tswj hwm thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm sib txheeb yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov cuab yeej tsis tu ncua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntau lawm, kom tsis txhob muaj qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm qhov haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm vim cov khoom siv, thiab cov qauv kev ua haujlwm tsis tau.
3. Lub cev tsis tshua muaj tawv ntawm lub iav loj
Lub hauv paus ntawm cov cuab yeej carburized yuav tsum muaj qhov nyuaj thiab tsis tshua muaj zog, thiab cov ntsiab lus tawm ntawm cov khoom siv iav raug txo, uas yog cuam tshuam rau yas deformation ntawm cov tub ntxhais, uas txo cov peeling tsis kam ntawm cov tawv txheej ntawm cov iav thiab cov dabtsi yog khoov zog ua tau zoo ntawm cov hauv paus hniav.
Kev Tshawb Xyuas
(1) Cov khoom siv iav tsis zoo nyob hauv tawv, cov khoom siv iav tsis zoo, thiab cov qauv sab hauv ntawm cov hlau tsis txaus.
(2) Tom qab cov iav tau carburized, qhov ntsuas kub ua ntej txias ua ntej quenching yog qhov tsawg heev, yog li qhov ntsuas kub sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas ua ntej txias thiab qhov kub txias yog qhov me, thiab qhov txias txias tsis txaus.
(3) Tab sis qhov ceev ceev tsis txaus. Kev soj ntsuam cov qauv ua xim hlau tsis yog cov qauv roj carbon tsawg, tab sis cov qauv sib xyaw ntawm sorbite thiab martensite.
(4) qhov ntau ntawm cov tsis muaj peev xwm ferrite tseem nyob hauv qhov tseem ceeb, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov kub tsis txias lossis lub sijhawm tsis muaj cua sov txaus (kev kho tsis tau txaus ua ntej ua tiav austenitization).
Ceev faj
(1) Xaiv cov steel nrog zoo hardenability thiab cov khoom zoo yog carburized iav cov khoom siv.
(2) Tswj cov kub ntawm qhov chaw diffusion thiab thaj chaw muaj cua txias ua ntej kom paub tseeb tias cov cua txias tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj quenching.
(3) Xaiv qhov cua txias nruab nrab nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo rau kev ua kom muaj qis kom tau cov pa roj carbon tsawg cov qauv hauv cov tub ntxhais.
(4) Xaiv qhov tsim nyog quenching kub thiab cua sov lub sijhawm kom tau txais cov khaub ncaws austenite hauv cov tub ntxhais, kom ua tau tom qab quenching
4. Lub iav txheej hardened txheej yog ntiav
Qhov saum npoo ntawm lub ntsej muag tawv carburized tsis tau sib sib zog nqus, uas txo qhov kev tawm tsam los ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm cov txheej tawv tawv txheej thiab kuj txo qhov kev pab cuam lub neej.
Kev Tshawb Xyuas
(1) Thaum lub sijhawm carburizing txheej txheem, carburizing lub sijhawm yog luv heev, lub carburizing kub yog tsawg, thiab carburized txheej yog ntiav.
(2) Kev ntsuas kub ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov cua sov hauv qhov cub tawg tsis sib npaug.
(3) Tsis zoo tswj ntawm cov pa roj carbon peev xwm nyob rau hauv qhov muaj zog infiltration theem thiab diffusion theem nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem carburizing.
(4) Cov khoob khoob tsis ntxuav ntawm cov roj ua ntej lub qhov cub tawg, cov khoom ntawm lub cub tawg ntau dhau, thiab cov pores ntxiv yog tsawg heev.
(5) Cov ntaub ntawv xaiv cov khoom siv steel thiab lub zog tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo, thiab qhov ua haujlwm txias ntawm qhov nruab nrab quenching tsis muaj txhij txhua, uas ua rau cov txheej tawv tawv tawv tom qab kev ua kom zoo nkauj thiab tsis txias.
Ceev faj
(1) Tsim nyog xaiv cov hlau uas muaj qhov tsim nyog haum raws li cov khoom siv carburized iav, thiab tswj hwm qhov zoo ntawm cov iav steel. Ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv lub Hoobkas, cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov koom haum ntawm cov hlau yuav tsum kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj kev lees txais raws li cov qauv zoo.
(2) Ua nruj tswj hwm cov nplaim zoo ntawm cov iav ua ntej carburizing, qhov nyiaj ntawm lub tshuab ua kom sov, qhov kub nyob hauv qhov cub tawg, cov pa roj cua muaj peev xwm nyob hauv qhov cub tawg, qhov cuam tshuam thiab lub sij hawm diffusion, lub quenching kub tom qab carbon, qhov kub ntawm cua txias nruab nrab thiab qhov nruab nrab txias, thiab lwm yam.
(3) Carburize cov zog nrog cov carburization tsis txaus raws li qhov tob tam sim no los npaj cov txheej txheem kho tsim nyog.
5. Tsis ncaj rau qhov tob ntawm carburized txheej
Nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj xwm txheej, thaum lub sijhawm sib tsoo cov txheej txheem ntawm cov iav, cov hniav cag me ntsis qis dua lwm qhov vim yog cov duab geometric thiab lub vojvoog ntawm curvature. Geometric yam ua rau txheej carburized tsis xwm yeem kom zam. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj lwm yam, cov txheej txheem seepage yog tsis sib npaug ntau dua li qub, uas yuav ua rau tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov iav. Cov chaw tsis muaj zog tau muab pov tseg ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd tag nrho cov iav raug puas, uas cuam tshuam loj heev rau lub neej ntawm lub iav.
Kev Tshawb Xyuas
(1) Thaum muaj lub roj carburizing, qhov ntsuas kub hauv lub tshuab ua kom sov tsis sib xws, muaj peev xwm tshaj cov pa roj carbon cua tsis sib xws, thiab cov cua hauv lub cub tawg tsis zoo.
(2) Cov khoob khoob tsis tau ntxuav ua ntej cov cua sov raug teeb tsa, thiab qhov tsis huv xws li roj stains thiab cov pa roj carbon dub tseem nyob ntawm thaj chaw iav, thiab qhov kub tsis zoo tsis tsim nyog. Coking tshwm sim rau ntawm tus hniav nto thaum carburizing.
(4) Lub chaw tso cua sov yog qhov loj heev, qhov cub thauj khoom yog qhov tsis tsim nyog, thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm sib txuas thiab sib tsoo sib xyaw.
(4) Nyob rau hauv thaj chaw uas tsis muaj carburization, tsis sib npaug thiab tsis tsim nyog daim ntawv thov ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas anti-seepage tuaj yeem ua rau qhov tsis sib luag ntawm cov carburized txheej
Ceev faj
(1) Thaum ua kom muaj kev kub ntxhov, xyuam xim rau tag nrho cov hluav taws xob hauv qhov cub tawg, qhov kub ntawm txhua qhov chaw hauv lub tshuab ua kom sov yuav tsum zoo ib yam, thiab cov kiv cua hauv txhua cheeb tsam yuav tsum raug kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua raws li cov cai muaj feem xyuam. Ib qho ntxiv, tus qauv ntsuas qhov siab tsim nyog ntawm pem hauv ntej thiab nram qab ntawm lub tshuab ua kom sov yuav tsum raug xaiv.
(2) Ua cov haujlwm npaj ua ntej kho cov cua sov thiab carburization, tshem cov hniav ntawm cov roj, carbon xim dub thiab lwm yam tshuaj. Kev xyaum tau ua pov thawj tias tom qab ntxuav, qhov kub tsis sib xws ntawm 400-500 ℃ yog qhov zoo rau kev tshem cov khoom ntawm cov iav qhov av.
(3) Tsim nyog tsim ntawm cov cuab yeej siv thev naus laus zis, qhov nyiaj ntawm lub tshuab ua kom sov yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau dhau, thiab lub tshuab tso cua sov tsim nyog.
(4) Rau cov khoom ua haujlwm uas xav tau los tiv thaiv nplooj ntawv, tus neeg sawv cev anti-seepage yuav tsum tau tusyees txhuam.
(5) Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev kaw hluav taws xob ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide yuav tsum ua kom zoo, thiab lub qhov cub huv lub tsev yuav tsum kho kom tsis tu ncua
