Tuam Tshoj tus niaj hnub siv dag zog tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj li nram no:
Ib qho yog manganese steel series: xws li hlau manganese steel (ZGMn13),
Cov kab mob siab manganese (ZGMn13Cr2MoRe), kab mob loj heev manganese (ZGMn18Cr2MoRe), thiab lwm yam .;
Thib ob, hnav cov khoom siv rau chromium casting hlau: xws li siab, nruab nrab thiab qis chromium hlau nrum hlau (xws li Cr15MOZCu);
Qhov thib peb yog hnav-tiv taus hlau hlau: xws li nruab nrab, qis, siab carbon ntau tej khoom siv (xws li ZG40SiMnCrMO thiab ZG35Cr2MoNiRe);
Qhov thib plaub yog cov kab ADI;
Thib tsib, txhua yam ntaub ntawv lossis cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj: xws li chromium carbide composite materials (Cr2C3 + Q235), siab zog ion implantation tungsten carbide cov ntaub ntawv (WCSP), siab tawv hard alloy (YK25.6), thiab lwm yam. ; Muaj ntau yam khoom siv uas tsis yog khoom siv-hnyav: xws li cov tshuaj composite polymer, silicon nitride (Si3N4), toughened zirconia (Y2O3 + ZrO2), toughened aluminium oxide (Al2O3 / ZrO2), thiab lwm yam. Ntau hom kev hnav-resistant Cov khoom siv sib piv:
2.2.1 High-manganese steel series: Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm high-manganese steel ZGMn13. Nyob rau hauv feem ntau mob los yog hu rau kev nyuaj siab, nws qhov chaw yuav ua sai sai, thaum tseem tseem tseem muaj kev ruaj khov. Qhov sab nraud sab nrauv nrog lub cev muaj zog yog ob yam coj los tiv thaiv thiab kev tawm tsam. Qhov cuam tshuam. Thiab qhov hnyav ntawm qhov chaw, qhov nyuaj nyuaj qhov chaw tawv, qhov zoo dua qhov coj hnyav. Vim yog qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov manganese hlau (HB170-230), txoj kev ua haujlwm hnyav tsis tshua muaj kev txwv thaum nws tsis sib zog. Manganese steel qhov chaw nyob rau ntawm qhov feem ntawm qhov feem cuam, qhov chaw tsis tuaj yeem ua tawv tawv (tag nrho hardened nto hardness mus txog HB550, pub rau hauv qab HB350 hauv qab) lub looj xaj tsis tuaj yeem raug ntaus, thiab tsom tsis hnav.
2.2.2 Kev tiv thaiv kev kub-chromium cam khwb cia hlau: Raws li lub koom haum thiab siv cov khoom, chromium cast iron yuav muab faib ua peb pawg: Thawj hom yog chromium-based dawb cam khwb cia hlau nrog kev kub zoo. Cov hlau cam muaj 33 chromium. %, feem ntau ntawm nws lub koom haum yog austenitic thiab hlau-chromium carbide, thiab qee zaus ferrite. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov sib txuam no muaj qee yam ntawm kev coj ua haujlwm, nyob rau hauv kev kub ua hauj lwm ntawm kub tsis siab dua 1050 ° C, nws muaj cov kab mob zoo Antioxidant. Qhov thib ob yog chromium-raws li dawb cam khwb cia hlau nrog zoo coj lub cev (hu ua high-chromium cam hlau). Ntxiv nrog rau muaj 12 mus rau 20% ntawm chromium, cov cam khwb cia hlau muaj ib qho tsim nyog npaum molybdenum. Hom kab nrig hlau zoo li no. Tom qab lub koom haum ntawm (Fe, Cr) 7C3 hom carbide thiab γ theem. Thaum lub matrix yog martensite nkaus, hnav tsis kam ntawm no alloy yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Yog hais tias muaj residual austenite hauv daim duab, feem ntau cov kev kho cua sov. Qeb peb yog chromium hlau hlau nrum hlau dawb. Muab piv nrog cov dawb dawb cam khwb cia hlau, qhov ruaj ntseg ntawm cov carbides hauv no cam khwb cia hlau zoo dua. [2]
2.2.3 Cov hlau ntoo uas tsis muaj kab hlau tiv taus: Nws muab faib ua qes hlau, qes hlau loj, thiab hlau hnyav hlau. Los ntawm cov kev cai ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev kho cua sov, yuav tsum tau muaj qhov cuam tshuam toughness thiab hardness index ntawm cov khoom. Cov kev ua haujlwm muaj peev xwm ncav cuag HRC. = 52 ~ 58 toughness tuaj yeem hu ua ak = 15 ~ 30J / cm2.
2.2.4 Abbott hlau luam tawm hlau (ADI): Nws yog los ntawm txoj kev kho cua sov tsho tawm los yog kev sib ntxiv ntawm txhua yam, kom lub zuag hlau zas hlau hloov ntawm ferrite, pearlite rau austenite, bainite thiab retained austenite. ADI muaj cov nram qab no tshwj xeeb zoo: 1 siab zog, zoo yas. 2 Flexural nkees thiab tiv taus qaug zog, kev ua haujlwm siab khiav ceev. ADI txoj kev qaug zog qaug zog txog li 400 ~ 500MPa, thiab kev tsis tshua muaj quag qaum hlau, ADI tus Hu rau kev nkees zog txog li 1600 ~ 2100MPa, siab tshaj qhov qis qaum hlau nitriding kho thiab carburizing kev kho mob nkees zog. 3 kev poob siab zoo. ADI vim tsis tshua muaj ywj pheej, ntxiv rau graphite npas nyob hauv daim duab, ua tau yooj yim absorb kev co thiab ua rau kom lub suab nrov nrov, ua rau khiav twj ywm ntxiv thiab nyob ntsiag to. 4 zoo heev hnav thiab thawb ua haujlwm. ADI tus coj hnyav, zoo dua li cov hlau nrog tib theem nyuaj. 5 kev ua haujlwm zoo: ADI loj Qee cov khoom siv kho ua tiav tau ua tiav ua ntej lub isothermal quenching, lub sij hawm no feem ntau ferrite zas hlau, nws cov ua tau zoo yog ho zoo tshaj hlau.
2.2.5 Cov khoom sib xyaw los yog gradient khoom: Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm high-energy ion-implanted tungsten carbide khoom (WCSP) thiab chromium carbide composite khoom (Cr2C3 + Q235). Cov khoom siv tungsten carbide (WCSP) tau txais kev siv hluav taws xob tshuab hlwb hlau. Qhov nplaim ntawm qhov hlau yog kis nrog tungsten carbide (WC). WC thiab steel substrate metallurgically xyaw nrog kev sib txuam zoo. Qhov saum npoo muaj kev kub ntxhov thiab kev coj ntawm WC loj. Cov tub ntxhais tseem khaws cov khoom qub ntawm cov hlau khov kho. , lub zog thiab kev muaj zog. Kuj tseem muaj kev sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw thiab lub plawv, uas ua rau cov khoom tsis zoo uas yuav tshwm sim thaum qhov kev hloov pauv hloov [3]
Carbide nrog nyuaj alloy: Piv rau manganese hlau thiab siab chromium hlau phom, rauj tawv carbide nrog kev hnyav dua thiab hnav ua haujlwm.
YK26.5: ceev: 14.58 (g / cm3); nyuaj (CHRA): 87.5; flexural zog: 2650 (MPa); tawg toughness: 12 - 16 (MPam1 / 2)
2.2.6 Cov Non-Metallic Wear Resistant Materials Series
Muaj ntau hom non-metallic wear-resistant cov ntaub ntawv, nrog rau cov thawv ceramic, silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si3N4), toughened zirconia (Y2O3 + ZrO2), thiab toughened alumina (Al2O3 / ZrO2). Tos.
Cov ntaub ntawv muaj txheej txheem: Ceramics yog crystalline los yog non-crystalline compounds los ntawm cov xim hlau thiab cov ntsiab lus uas tsis yog hlau-hlau, muaj qhov siab melting point, siab tawv, muaj zog rigidity, thiab ruaj ntseg tshuaj zoo. Cov kab xev-xim tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem yog cov khoom siv uas tsis yog xim hlau, uas yog siv cov khoom siv rau Acid-resistant thiab alkali-resistant cov khoom ua rau cov khoom siv hlau.
Nta:
(1) High mechanical strength thiab rigidity: siab ceev, lub zog li 130Mpa, yuav zoo tiv thaiv qhov feem quab yuam thiab shear stressed ntawm cov khoom.
(2) Toughness and shock resistance: Raws li cov khoom siv tawv-resistant adopts non-directional txhav fibers thiab oriented mesh reinforcement ntsuas, lub toughness ntxiv lawm los ntawm coupling, ces tus toughness toughness yog muaj zog, thiab kev puas tsuaj thiab tev ntawm tshwm sim los ntawm feem ntau cov quab yuam yuav tiv thaiv tau.
(3) Kev nyab xeeb ntawm ib puag ncig zoo. [4]
Toughened ceramic: Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm toughened zirconia (Y2O3 + ZrO2), toughened aluminium trioxide (Al2O3 / ZrO2) thiab lwm yam khoom xyaw. Nws tau hnav ua haujlwm, tswj kev ua kom tsis muaj zog, siab kub cev, siab zog, kev kub ntxhov.
Nws tuaj yeem hloov mus rau qhov chaw tsis muaj zog thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau thiab cov khoom polymer. Cov cim qhia tshwj xeeb yog raws li nram no:
Khoom Zog Zirconium Oxide Kuab Aluminium Oxide Silicon Nitride
Muaj pes tsawg leeg Y2O3 + ZrO2 Al2O3 / ZrO2 Si3N4
Kev ntsuas g / cm3 6-6.05 3-4.5 3.2
Hardness CHRA 89 85 - 88 93
Flexural lub zog MPa1000-1200 300-500 900
Qhov Nres Tawg MPam1 / 212-14 5-7 8.5
