Hauv kev lag luam machining, kev tswjhwm ntawm cov chaw yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab kev ua tau zoo, raws li ib qho ntawm cov kev pabcuam tseem ceeb, raws li ib qho ntawm cov kev pabcuam tseem ceeb ntawm lub neej thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov khoom. Xav tias thaum muaj cov tshuab uas koj tau ua tib zoo tsim thiab ua rau muaj kev nyuaj rau lub sijhawm, nws yuav raug nkim sijhawm ntau, nws yuav raug nqi thiab lub zog. Lub sijhawm no, lub brinell hardness, rockwell hardness thiab vickers hardness txoj kev sim los ua ke. Lawv zoo li cov neeg saib xyuas zoo "uas tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los tiv thaiv thiab kev puas tsuaj. Brinell hardness, nrog nws cov loj indentation qhia txog qhov nruab nrab hardness ntawm cov khoom siv, yog qhov haum rau cov haujlwm loj xws li tsis pom zoo rau kev puas tsuaj rau saum npoo; Rockwell Hardness, nrog nws cov txheej txheem ntsuas nrawm nrawm, tau dhau los ua thawj qhov kev xaiv rau kev soj ntsuam zoo ntawm cov khoom tsim muaj huab hwm coj ua; Vickers Hardness, nrog nws cov me me indentation, pab kev ntsuas nyuaj ntawm microstructures thiab nyias txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Kev ntsuas lub ntsiab cai yog dab tsi?
Brinell Hardness:Siv lub pob carbide ntawm ib qho ib qho uas hla mus rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau kuaj nrog ib qho kev sim siab. Tom qab khaws nws rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb, ntsuas qhov indentation diam, thiab nthuav tawm lub hardness tus nqi raws li qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm indentation.
Rockwell Hardness:Siv lub khob pob zeb diamond cone los yog cov pob zeb ntawm cov kab uas hla raws li ib qho Indenter. Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim ntawm thawj zaug sim quab yuam thiab lub zog tseem ceeb, nias tus neeg soj ntsuam mus rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau kuaj. Txiav txim siab tus nqi hardness raws li qhov tob indentation tob.
Vickers Hardness:Siv tus lej tetrantrahedral tsis tu ncua nrog tus txheeb ze ntawm 136 degree mus nias rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm ib qho kev sim siab. Tom qab khaws nws rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb, ntsuas cov kab pheeb ces kaum ntev ntawm qhov indentation, thiab txiav txim siab lub hardness tus nqi los ntawm kev suav qhov nruab nrab ntawm thaj chaw ntawm indentation.
Hardness tus nqi sawv cev
Brinell Hardness:Chav ntawm Hardness tus nqi yog MPa, tab sis chav tsev feem ntau tsis cim, xws li HBW 10/3000/30 thiab tswj kev sim siab ntawm 3000kgf rau 30s.
Rockwell Hardness:Raws li cov nplai sib txawv, tus nqi hardness yog qhia ncaj qha rau hauv cov lej, HRB, HRB, HRC, thiab lwm yam yog tus nqi hardness. Piv txwv li, HRC60 txhais tau hais tias lub rockwell hardness nqi ntsuas los ntawm C nplai yog 60.
Vickers Hardness:Chav ntawm Hardness tus nqi yog MPa, tab sis chav tsev feem ntau tsis cim, xws li HV10 sawv cev rau lub zog ua haujlwm ntsuas hauv qab 10kgf.
Kuaj ntau
Brinell Hardness:Feem ntau haum rau kev ntsuas cov ntaub ntawv nrog qis dua hardness xws li cov hlau muag muag, cov hlau nplaum uas tsis muaj feem tom qab ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj, ua ib txwm muaj, quenching thiab tempering. Lub brinell hardness tus nqi feem ntau yog qis dua 450hbw.
Rockwell Hardness:Muaj feem xyuam rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntau yam hardness ranges, cov nplai sib txawv tuaj yeem ntsuas cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tawv tawv txawv. Piv txwv li, HRA nplai yog siv rau cov ntaub ntawv hardness hardness, xws li cemented carbide, thiab lwm yam; Lub HRB nplai siv tau rau cov khoom so, xws li annealed tooj liab alloy, thiab lwm yam; HRC nplai siv tau rau cov khoom siv tawv ntau dua, xws li cov hlau tawv, thiab lwm yam.
Vickers Hardness:Qhov kev xeem sib xeem yog dav, thiab nws tuaj yeem siv rau ntau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov mos mos los cem kev sib txawv ntawm cov theem sib txawv lossis thaj chaw me me hauv microstructure.
Indentation duab thiab qhov loj me
Brinell Hardness:Qhov indentation yog ncig nrog txoj kab uas loj loj, uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau rau cov khoom saum npoo. Vim tias qhov loj indentation, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov nruab nrab hardness ntawm ib cheeb tsam loj dua ntawm cov khoom, thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev ntsuas yog qhov ruaj khov.
Rockwell Hardness:Lub indentation yog conical lossis spherical, thiab indentation yog me me. Lub Rockwell Hardness yog qhov ua tau zoo thiab ua rau tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom sib txawv, tab sis vim muaj kev sib tw me me, tab sis cov txiaj ntsig kev sim siab yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom microstructure.
Vickers Hardness:Qhov indentation yog square pyramid nrog me ntsis indentation loj. Indentation profile ntawm Vickers Hardness Ntsuas yog qhov tseeb, thiab cov kab pheeb suab ntev ntsuas qhov tseeb yog qhov siab, yog li lub hardness tus nqi yog qhov tseeb.
Daim ntawv thov
Brinell Hardness:Feem ntau siv rau raw khoom tshuaj xyuas, cov khoom siv nyuaj ntawm cov khoom siv anealed thiab cov khoom siv tsis zoo, thiab kev ua haujlwm nyuaj, xws li cov duab xwm loj loj thiab tsis quav ntsej. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv qee lub sijhawm uas qhov yuav tsum tau ua tau zoo yog tsis siab, tab sis tag nrho cov kev ua tau zoo tag nrho ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau to taub.
Rockwell Hardness:Qhov feem ntau dav siv nyob rau hauv kev xyaum ntau lawm, xws li ntsuas kev pom zoo thaum kho cov hlau, ua tau zoo rau kev tshawb nrhiav sai sai.
Vickers Hardness:Feem ntau siv los kawm txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub microstructure thiab kev ntsuas cov khoom sib txawv ntawm kev kho kom haum ntawm cov khoom siv cua sov, cov khoom siv nyias thiab cov txheej txheem sib txawv.
