Taw qhia rau cov kev tsis xws luag ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau
Lub ntsiab cov teeb meem ntawm cov khoom nrum suav nrog cais tawm, hws tawm, shrinkage thiab porosity, suav nrog, kab nrib pleb, txias txias thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag.
1, cais
Sib cais-qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg tsis sib xws hauv qhov ua yeeb yam. Kev sib cais ua rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev tuaj yeem tsis sib xws, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom pov tseg hauv cov teeb meem loj.
Cov kev cais cais muaj peev xwm muab faib ua ob pawg: micro-cais thiab loj heev-cais.
Intragranular segregation (tseem hu ua ceg cais) -thov hloov pauv rau cov tshuaj tsis sib xws ntawm txhua feem ntawm cov siv lead ua noob, uas yog hom micro cais. Hauv cov txheej txheem crystallization ntawm cov alloy uas ua cov khoom siv tau ruaj khov, tsuas yog thaum cov atoms yog tag nrho diffused nyob rau hauv qhov chaw txias txias heev, tuaj yeem siv lead ua nplej nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg tau txais. Raws li qhov tseeb qhov cuam tshuam ua pov thawj, qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm qhov sib xyaw yog ntau ceev, thiab cov atoms tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau yooj yim. Ua li no, tshuaj lom neeg cov nplej hauv cov hmoov nplej cog ua tsis zoo txaus yuav tsum tsis sib npaug. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov teeb meem cais tawm, qhov casting tuaj yeem kho mus rau qhov kub thiab txias thiab khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev kom cov atoms tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tsis tau. Txoj kev kho cua sov no hu ua diffusion annealing.
Ntom cais cais (yav dhau los hu ua tshwj xeeb kev sib cais sib cais) -thiaj hloov mus rau qhov sib xyaw tsis sib xws ntawm cov ntu ntawm sab saud thiab qis ntawm qhov ua haujlwm, uas yog ib hom kab ke loj heev. Thaum qhov ntom ntawm cov sib cais ntawm cov sib cais sib xyaw ua ke sib txawv heev, tom qab lub casting tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ruaj khov, feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg tau nyob rau sab qaum, thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom kub siab tau ntau dua nyob rau sab qaum. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom, maj mam nrawm lossis nrawm txias qhov kub ntawm cov hlau thaum lub sijhawm hliv, kom cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv tsis tuaj yeem sib cais tau raws sijhawm. Muaj ntau ntau hom macrosegregation. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov ntom ntom cais, muaj cov cais zoo, rov sib cais, V-cais kev sib cais thiab band cais.
2, plab daj
Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hlau ua kom lub cev muaj zog, cov solubility ntawm cov roj tsawg zuj zus, thiab nws yog qhov nyuaj rau kev khiav tawm ntawm cov hlau nrog qhov muaj zog ntawm qhov muaj zog ntau thiab nyob hauv cov yaj ua cov pores. Txawv los ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub ntsej muag ntsws, cov kab noj hniav yog feem ntau puag ncig, oval lossis ntev, muab faib rau tus kheej lossis ib qho series, nrog cov phab ntsa du. Cov pa roj uas tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv lub qhov yog H2, CO, H2o, CO2, thiab lwm yam Raws li txoj haujlwm uas lub qhov hws tawm hauv cov ingot, lawv muab faib ua qhov hws sab hauv, ntxig plaub hau thiab pores. Lub hav zoov ntawm lub qhov hws txo qhov zoo ntim thiab qhov ntom ntawm lub ingot. Txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem zaws thiab deformed tom qab ua tiav, nws tsis yooj yim rau weld, uas ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li nqaij tawv, txhaws, pinholes, thiab cov kab nrib pleb hauv cov khoom.
3. Txo thiab ntsws
Cov hlau ntsws ntim hauv cov txheej txheem thaum lub txheej txheem solidification, lub yaj tsis tuaj yeem ua kom tiav nyob rau lub sijhawm, thiab shrinkage qhov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kawg ua tiav, uas hu ua shrinkage kab noj hniav los yog shrinkage porosity. Cov kab noj hniav loj thiab ntau qhov sib xyaw ua ke yog hu ua cov kab uas muaj qhov tob me me thiab cov kab uas nyob hauv lub ntsej muag yog hu ua shrinkage porosity, thiab shrinkage porosity uas tshwm hauv qhov ciaj ciam lis thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov dendrites yog hu ua microscopic shrinkage porosity.
Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov shrinkage kab noj hniav feem ntau tsis sib xws, kwv yees li jagged, thiab shrinkage kab noj hniav ntawm thaj tsam lis thiab dendrites feem ntau yog lub kaum ntse ntse. Qee lub qhov ntim shrinkage feem ntau tau sau los ntawm cov roj hauv nag lossis daus, thiab lub qhov thaiv phab ntsa kuj tseem zoo. Lub sijhawm no, lub ntsej muag shrinkage kuj yog pores. Feem ntau nrog los ntawm cov ntsiab lus qis melting. Ntsws qhov muaj nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm ntu. Lub shrinkage qhov ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub rooj zaum feem ntau yog tapered, nrog sab hauv tsis sib luag los yog coarse crystalline qauv. Lub sib quas ntus shrinkage kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv nruab nrab yog feem ntau irregularly zoo li lub qhov hws. Sab hauv qee zaum muaj roj av nrog lub sijhawm ua kom cov hlau khov, thiab saum npoo kuj du. Nws yog feem ntau nyuaj rau weld thiab tsim ua kom cov ntauv thiab npuas hauv kev ua tom qab. Ib puag ncig ntawm cov shrinkage kab noj hniav kuj yog yooj yim los ua kom muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab tawg thaum ua haujlwm.
Shrinkage porosity feem ntau muab faib ze rau ntawm nruab nrab ntawm ntu lossis tag nrho cov ntu, thiab qee zaum zoo li nyob ze ntawm lub ntsej muag ntsws, nrog cov pores me me tau faib rau hauv cov ciaj ciam lossis dendrite khoob. Qee qhov me me ntsws tau yooj yim los tshawb xyuas nrog lub qhov muag tsis pom, thiab tuaj yeem tsuas pom nrog kev pab ntawm lub tshuab ntsuas me me lossis qhov ntsuas lub ntsuas dej. Porosity ua rau tsis-compact hlau qauv, uas zoo heev txo cov khoom kho tshuab thiab corrosion tsis kam ntawm lub alloy.
Qhov loj ntawm shrinkage kab noj hniav thiab shrinkage porosity thaj chaw muaj feem xyuam rau lub solidification shrinkage coefficient ntawm lub alloy, fluidity ntawm cov hlau ua kua, qhov dav ntawm crystallization kub ntau yam, khaub lig-seem ntawm qhov ingot, casting kub thiab solidification tej yam kev mob. Qhov loj dua ntawm cov solidification shrinkage coefficient ntawm cov alloy, qhov loj dua qhov loj me ntawm cov seem ingot, loj dua qhov shrinkage kab noj hniav yuav yog. Qhov nqaim dua lub alloy' s crystallization kub ntau thiab nws zoo dua fluidity, ntau mloog cov shrinkage kab noj hniav. Hloov pauv mus, qhov dav dua qhov dav hlau' s crystallization kub thiab dav qhov siab crystallization kev hloov chaw thaum lub sijhawm solidification, qhov yooj yim nws yog ua shrinkage porosity.
Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau shrinkage kab noj hniav thiab shrinkage porosity yog: cov txheej txheem tsis muaj txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem, tsis tshua muaj peev txheej txias, tsis tuaj yeem noj, thiab txiav; siab txias lub zog thiab kev nrum casting ceev: tsis tuaj yeem tsim pwm tsim, qis dhau thiab noo thaum tshav kub kub khaws cia lub peev: lub iav siv hluav taws xob muaj ntau qhov kub ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tsis zoo.
4. Xam Tawm
Cov khoom siv hlau lossis tsis yog xim hlau uas muaj qhov sib cuam tshuam pom tseeb nrog lub hauv qab thiab sib txawv hauv kev ua tau zoo yog hu ua kev sib koom ua ke.
Raws li qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev suav nrog, nws tuaj yeem faib ua ob hom: nws yog xim hlau rau hauv thiab tsis yog hlau. Cov ntawv hlau suav hais txog thawj cov khoom siv ntawm ntau cov hlau sib txuas uas tsis sib haum xeeb hauv cov hlau puag thiab cov hlau tsis sib txig sib xyaw muaj hlau ntshiab thiab txawv teb chaws sib txawv; cov xim hlau tsis suav nrog oxides, sulfides, carbides, fluxes, slag, txheej txheej, thiab cua sov ua ke ntawm cov phom pov tseg thiab ua kom tsis muaj pa, thiab lwm yam.
Raws li qhov chaw sib txawv ntawm kev suav, kev tso tawm sab nraud thiab kev tso tawm ntau dhau tuaj yeem muab faib tau. Endogenous suav nrog tuaj yeem nyob rau hauv lub xeev dawb lossis hauv lub xeev sib txuas nrog lub hauv paus hlau los ua ib qho kev sib txuas, lossis lawv yuav yog kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau yam tsis txaus.
Cov muaju thawj los yog cov ntshiab hlau ntawm cov ntsiab lus siab melting-point hlau sib txuas sai sai nyob rau hauv qhov kawg ntawm kev suav nrog feem ntau tsis tu ncua feem ntau, cov nplov, plaub ya lossis ib rab koob, thiab lawv cov khoom faib tsis tshua muaj qhov sib luag. Qhov qis melting point hlau sib txuas yog feem ntau precipitated raws thaj tsam lis los yog nruab nrab ntawm dendrite axis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hlaws, tus kheej, tes hauj lwm lossis zaj duab xis. Thaum lub sijhawm ua cov siab, suav nrog cov khoom zoo plasticity tau elongated thiab deformed raws cov kev coj ua, thiab suav nrog nrog cov hnab yas tsis zoo nyob hauv qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau nrum lossis tawg ua rau cov khoom me me, uas tau muab faib hauv cov kev cuam tshuam sib txuas raws li kev coj ua.
Kev koom tes txawv teb chaws yog tev tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob thiab cov cuab yeej thaum lub sijhawm ua khoom. Lawv feem ntau yog tuab thiab muaj daim duab tsis paub tseeb. Vim tias nws muaj cov tshuaj sib txawv thiab sib txawv hauv lub vaj huam sib luag, nws tuaj yeem nrhiav tau raws li cov xim sib txawv thiab kev mob thaum lub sijhawm pob tawg lossis txiav.
5.Qhov huv
Cov kab nrib pleb uas ua hauv cov hlau ua kom ruaj khov cov txheej txheem hu ua cov yas tawg; cov khoom tawg tom qab solidification hu ua cov kab nrib pleev txias. Cov kab nrib pleb rhuav tshem kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov hlau. Tsuas yog qee qhov uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm los ntawm kev ua tiav hauv lub sijhawm, lawv feem ntau yuav nthuav dav raws li thaj chaw muaj kev ntxhov siab thaum lub sijhawm tom qab siv thiab siv, thiab thaum kawg ua rau tawg.
Kub tawg yog thaum lub ingot tsis tau tiav los yog muaj cov teeb meem tsis txaus thiab muaj qhov me me ntawm qhov qis yaj ntawm theem ntawm thaj tsam cov noob thiab dendrites, vim cov kua, cov shrinkage thiab solidification shrinkage ntawm cov hlau yog qhov cuam tshuam, thaum shrinkage kev nyuaj siab tshaj li tam sim no cov hlau muaj zog lossis kab Nws yog tsim thaum lub shrinkage ntau dua li cov elongation ntawm lub alloy. Raws li qhov chaw sib txawv, cov kab nrib pleev thermal tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov kab nrib pleb, cov kab nrib pleb hauv nruab nrab, cov kab nrib pleev radial thiab hla mus tom ntej tawg. Cov cua sov ua kom tawg feem ntau ncav raws cov ciam lis nplej, nrog cov ceg me thiab cov ceg, feem ntau nrog cov ceg, thiab tej zaum yuav muaj cov oxide zaj duab xis hauv qhov tawg lossis muaj xim oxidation me ntsis rau saum npoo.
Qhov tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev tawg thermal muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau (qhov sib xyaw' s solidification shrinkage coefficient thiab siab kub ua kom tawv nqaij muaj zog, thiab lwm yam), txheej txheem pouring thiab ingot qauv. Qee cov ntsiab lus thiab insoluble tsawg melting point impurities nyob rau hauv lub alloy yuav ua tau nce siab nyiam ntawm kub tsoo. Qhov txias txias ntawm cov khoom siv ib nrab txuas ntxiv yog qhov siab dua, yog li nws muaj ntau qhov ntau dua rau qhov kub tsoo dua li cov hlau pwm ingots. Ua kom nce siab ceev thaum nrum hlau yuav tseem nce qhov sib txuam ntawm qhov kub tsoo. Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov qauv ingot, qhov loj dua qhov hla ntu loj dua, nws yooj yim dua. Thermal cracking tau tshwm sim.
Kev ua kom txias yog thaum lub ingot txias rau lub xeev elastic nrog qis dua kub. Yog tias muaj qhov kub loj sib txawv ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm lub ingot, qhov kev ntxhov siab ntsws yuav nyob nrog qee qhov chaw tsis muaj zog. Thaum cov kev ntxhov siab ntau dua qhov ua tau ntxiv thiab plasticity txwv ntawm cov hlau, cov ingot yuav tshwm sim li tawg. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua pob txias yog feem ntau trans-crystalline tej kab nrib pleb, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv txuas hauv ib txoj kab ncaj nraim. Cov kab nrib pleb muaj xwm yeem, ncaj thiab ncaj. Cov kab nrib pleb feem ntau tsim los ntawm cov kab nrib pleb kub.
Kev ncaj qha ua rau ua rau ntswj tawg yog qhov muaj sia ntawm casting kev ntxhov siab. Qhov laj thawj yog: tsis tsim nyog ntsuas kub, ntsuas nrawm nrawm, dhau qhov siab lossis qis txias, tsis txaus siab; kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo txuas ntxiv; alloy nws tus kheej muaj kub brittleness thiab lub zog Tsis zoo; kev xaiv tsis tsim nyog ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas lossis cov roj nplua nyeem; kev tsim qauv tsis zoo, tsis meej lossis teeb tsa tsis zoo ntawm cov pwm pob, ntsia saum npoo, qhwv tes, khi kav dej, thiab lwm yam
6, muab faib txias
Cov tsos ntawm wrinkles los yog txheej txheej tsis zoo nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub ingot, los yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau tsis ua sab hauv sab hauv lub ingot yog suav hu ua txias faib.
Lub npoo sab nraud ntawm cov cuab yeej txias sib xyaw yog qhov tsis sib xws, cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg tsis txuas ntxiv, ntu ntu hla, thiab muaj ntau qhov tsis xws luag zoo li oxide zaj duab xis thiab cuam tshuam roj qhov hauv nruab nrab.
Raws li cov duab, hom txias yuav muab faib ua ob hom: crimped type thiab laminated type. Thaum lub ntsuas cua txias tsawg, zaj duab xis condensate uas ua los ntawm molten hlau nto tsis fuse nrog tom qab hliv hlau, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis txias corrugated. Sib tshooj txias yog feem ntau. Qhov no yog vim tias qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob zoo li qub ntawm cov hlau nchuav yog ntau dua qhov nro ntawm cov hlau thiab lub zog ntawm oxide zaj duab xis. Lub tshuab hlau yaj tag los ntawm oxide zaj duab xis thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov pwm phab ntsa, tab sis qhov muaj zog, kev ua kom txias hauv av ua rau cov hlau muaj hlau sai heev Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv nrog cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide condensate los ua lub laminated txias txias.
Sib faib txias tau muab faib ua qhov chaw txias txias, muab faib ua txias txias thiab nruab nrab txias txias raws li seem sib txawv.
Yog vim li cas rau qhov txias txias: tsis txaus casting qhov kub, qhov siab txias dej txias, tsis txaus siab ceev nrawm, muaj kua ntau ntau hloov pauv, kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov nruab nrab, thiab kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim teeb meem txias; lub ntsej muag txias txias thaiv tau nthuav dav mus rau qhov sib xyaw, Nws tseem ua rau cov khaub thuas sib faib me me: cov qauv tsis tsim nyog ntawm sab hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov pwm thiab cov khoom xaiv tsis raug kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau pom qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev faib txias.
Kev faib tawm txias yog ib qho ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov ingots, uas cuam tshuam rau kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov hlau saum npoo thiab sab hauv, thiab yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua thiab siv, thiab ua rau cov khoom tawg thiab lwm qhov chaw tsis zoo hauv cov mob loj.
7 Tsis muaj nplej
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv loj ntawm cov qoob loo me me ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib xyaw yog hu ua grain tsis sib xws.
Cov nquag muaj xws li: cov kab hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov pob zeb slab siv lead ua los ntawm lub chaw, qhov tuab ntawm cov khoom siv iav ntawm ob sab, qhov kev taw qhia qhov sib txawv yog qhov loj, cov kab hauv kem muaj qhov sib txawv, thiab cov kev taw qhia tsis sib haum; cov khoom siv sib xyaw ib puag ncig loj yog eccentric, hauv zos loj columnar muaju, thiab hauv zos siv lead ua nplej yog me; Raug tshem tawm cov muaju lossis lwm cov nplej ntxhib txawv txav.
Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb: sab hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov pwm yog ntxhib, lub pwm raug deformed, thiab cov roj nplua nyeem txheej tau faib tsis ncaj; lub zog txias qhov sib txawv yog qhov loj, qhov dej txias ntws tsis sib xws, lub kaum sab xis tsis sib luag, thiab qhov kev taw qhia yog qhov tsis zoo: lub sijhawm ntev casting, casting qhov kub qis, txias txias, thiab lwm yam.
8. Lwm qhov chaw tsis xws luag
Cov kev ua haujlwm uas tshwm sim saum npoo av ntawm cov khoom noj suav nrog: nti, pitted qhov chaw, pits, burrs, longitudinal streaks, kab rov tav toj, thiab lwm yam.
(1) Hemp mij
Ntau qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo nyob rau saum npoo ntawm ingot yog hu ua pitting. Muaj feem ntau cov ntawv ci txuas thiab hlwv ntawm lub ntsej muag paws, nrog cov xim muaj hlau, npog tus neeg sawv cev, oxide thiab lwm cov av. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog qis casting kub thiab qeeb qeeb; sab hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov pwm tsis yooj yim los yog tus neeg sawv cev npog tsis zoo; lub funnel yog thaiv thiab lwm yam.
(2) Burr
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov hlau ntse thaiv rau ntawm qhov chaw, cov fab thiab fab ntawm lub ingot yog hu ua burr. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog tias cov phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm cov pwm tsis hloov; qhov zoo ntawm hollow casting slab nruam casting mandrel tsis zoo.
(3) Kev Pab Ntev Nruab Nrab
Qhov nruam lossis sib quas ntus ntev sauv cov tawv nqaij tiv thaiv txoj kev tawm tsam lossis kev nyuaj siab nyob rau saum npoo ntawm ingot yog hu ua longitudinal striations.
Qhov laj thawj loj tshaj plaws yog nyob rau sab hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov pwm yog laum nrog hlau lossis lwm yam oxide lossis zawj uas tsim muaj cov nyom; sib dhos sib dhos ntawm lub hauv ob sab yog loj.
(4) Tus cwj pwm nruam casting billet nrog cov txheej txheem nres-ncua ntawm ntawm ntu tau qhov ntau ntu tsis meej nyob saum npoo, uas hu ua slub.
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog kev rub thiab rhuav tshem cov txheej txheem lossis deformation ntawm crystallizer thiab pwm.
Luoyang Yujie Kev Lag Luam& Kev Lag Luam Co.Ltd nyob hauv Luoyang City, ib qho ntawm cov khoom lag luam hnyav ua hauv paus nyob hauv Suav teb. Peb ua tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov bearings, tsis siv neeg lub tshuab ua tshuab, khoom siv tshuab ua haujlwm. Txog cov kabmob, peb tuaj yeem muab cov kabmob hla kev sib tw, cov kabmob kev sib tw, YRT cov kabmob, cov ntu seem, pob ntsia hlau kabmob, sib sib zog nqus groove pob cov kabmob, thiab lwm yam. , pulley, tsuas tshuab qhov, thiab lwm yam raws li ib cov neeg yuav khoom kos duab thiab yuav tsum. Rau cov cuab yeej siv tshuab, peb muab CNC ntsug tshuab chaw, CNC tshuab dhos kab rov tav, CNC gantry tho txawv thiab tshuab tshuab, CNC pem teb hom tho txawv, thiab tshuab milling.
Yog koj muaj kev txaus siab, xav dawbtiv toj pebthiab peb sov siab txais tos cov qhua tuaj noj mov thiab cov phooj ywg tuaj xyuas peb
Luoyang Yujie Kev Lag Luam& Kev Lag Luam Co., Ltd.
Xov tooj: +86-379-80865527
Fax mus: +86-379-65136562
Email: sales@yujieindustry.com
ADD: Jianxi Industrial Park, Luoyang City, Henan, Suav
https://www.yogiemachinery.com/ cov ua haujlwm
Lub Vev Xaib: https: //www.yogiemachinery.com
